Improvement in churns



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w. E. rENN'ooK, 0E MERMAID, AssIeNoE TOEIMSELE ANDW. E. GREEN- wAL'n-or MILL CEEEEHUNDEED, DELAWARE.

Letters Patent No. 103,364, dated .Ma-y 24, 1870; mttcdated April 28, 18 -70.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, W. H; PENNOCK, of Mermaid, in the countyof New Castle and State of Delaware, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Chur-ns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to4 make and use the same, reference beingfhad to the accompanying drawing forming part 'of this specification.

My object is improvement in churns; and

TheE invention consists in the construction and combination of parts, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure I represents a vertical longitudinal sect-ion of the churn through the line xx, g. 2.

Figure 2 is atop or plan view of the churn with the cover oli.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

'A is the'churn, the lower portion of which is circula-r, the center of which circle is the center of the driving-shaft B. k

This churn vessel is supported on a suitable fra-lne which is marked O.

D and E represent the dashers, one of which revolves within the other.

These dashers are each composed of two head-pieces and two longitudinal bars attached to the. ends of the heads.

The head-pieces of the dasher D are marked F.

v Those of the dasher E are marked G.

H represents the bars of both dashers. These bars in form and position on theill head-pieces represent oblique longitudinal sections of a hollow cylinder, the

center of which cylinder would he the shaft by whiclt they are revolved.

The dashers are permanently connected together at their' ends, at the driving end by a socket-piece, Liuto which the square end of the shaft B enters. I This socket is fa-st to the minor dasher E, and the head-piece F of the other dasher revolves round it.

L is a bevel-wheel which is fast to the shaft and meshes into the stud-wheel M.

This latter wheel engages with the wheel N, which is loose on the shaft, and has a sleeve-hub which passes through the end ofthe churn, with lugs on the inner end of the sleeve, which enter small 'holes or sockets in the head-piece F, by which that dasher is revolved, as seen at O O.

It will be seen that, by means of the gear-wheels the motion of the two dashers is in opposite directions. lhe dasher E revolves within D, while the hars of" D sweep the inner circumference of the churn circle. l

The opposite ends of the dashers are connected together by means of the pin P, the head-pieces being separated by the collar J, while the head of the pin forms a center by which both dashers are supported on the. pivot-screw I.

From the manner in which the-driving power is applied to the dashers, (bythe crank K,) it will be seen that, by turning back the pivot-screw I, the dashers may be readily released and removed from the churn whenever it is necessary'to do so. I

The bars H may be perforated with holes or slots, as seen in the drawing, for more thoroughly agitating the cream and breaking the globules.'

The opposing currents produced by thel dashers moving in opposite directions results in the speedy conversion of the cream into butter.

When the dashers are removed from the churn thev latter may be used for working the butter, if desired.

This mode of constructing churns is simple and cheap, and its advantages must be obvious to all butter-makers.

Having thus described myinvention,

`I claim as new anduseful, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- The spiral beaters H, arranged and operating substantially inthe manner described.

W. H. PENNOCK.

Witnesses:

J AMES -H. RAY, J AMES ADAMS. 

